How to planting persimmon trees 



1. Can the nucleus of persimmon be seeded?


The persimmons that are eaten can be seeded, but after the seedlings emerge, the jujube trees grow, because the persimmon trees are grafted on the jujube trees.



2. How to plant the seeds of the persimmon tree to germinate


The seeds of the persimmon tree can be replanted in this way to germinate. Sow the seeds of the persimmon tree in the field or outdoors in the month, sowing about 810 cm deep, watering thoroughly, watering every other day or so in winter, and changing it to every 710 days in March. Watering once, can germinate in mid-April (Lunan area). Strengthen the management of soil, fertilizer and water and the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests. The saplings can grow up to about 60 cm in height that year, and they are expected to begin to bear fruit in about 5 years. Directly sown dry seeds that have not been treated with sand in the spring, and no seedlings will emerge in the same year (the seedlings will only emerge in the spring of the second year).




3. BENEFITS OF PERSIMMON  


Persimmon belongs to the genus Persimmon in the Persimmon family. It is an ancient economic tree species widely cultivated in my country. There are many varieties. Generally, persimmons are classified according to whether they can naturally de-astringent and de-astringent before maturity (completely sweet persimmon, incompletely sweet persimmon) And astringent persimmons are two major categories. The sweet persimmon is very popular because of its astringency, good taste and rich nutrition. Our prefecture has a long history of planting persimmons. The main varieties are the local large flat persimmon (also called non-nuclear persimmon), fire persimmon, water persimmon, etc. In recent years, a large number of Japanese sweet persimmons have been introduced and planted. Persimmon is a deciduous tree fruit tree, the tree is tall, the crown is naturally semicircular, the leaves are oval, broad oval or obovate, 6-18 cm long, nearly leathery; the surface of the leaf is dark green and shiny, and the back of the leaf is light green. Monoecious or different, berries oval or oblate, orange-yellow or bright yellow, red. Flowering period is from May to June, and the fruit matures from September to November. Persimmon has good economic and physiological properties, the yield per plant can reach more than 100 kg, and it can be stored and transported. It has high medicinal value and is a tree species with high economic benefits. The main ecological factors that affect the growth and results of persimmon trees are temperature, light, and moisture. The altitude is above meters, and the annual average temperature is 13-19 ℃. The most suitable conditions. The average temperature in September is around 20-25℃, and the areas where the average temperature in October is around 16℃ are suitable for development, and the average annual temperature is lower than 9℃ and suffers from freezing damage. Happy light, especially in the period of fruit expansion, sufficient light is required, and the moisture requirement is that the annual rainfall is not less than 500 mm, and it is resistant to waterlogging and barrenness.


1. Garden construction (1) Garden site selection


It is advisable to choose convenient transportation, concentrated contiguous areas, deep and fertile soil, good drainage, clay or sandy loam, and a gentle slope leeward to the sun to build a garden.


(2) Variety selection


The persimmon varieties suitable for planting in our prefecture include Fufu, Jiro, Zenji Maru, Bian persimmon, Fire persimmon, Water persimmon, etc. The first three are sweet persimmon varieties, and the latter are astringent persimmon varieties. Persimmon varieties should be planted with pollinator trees. The above three varieties can be mutually pollinated trees. The ratio of planting pollinator trees is roughly 8:1.


(3) Seedling planting


  • 1. The planting time should be sooner rather than later after deciduous leaves to before germination. The appropriate time for planting in our state is from November to February of the following year. 2. Planting density The row spacing of conventional planting is 3m×4m～4m×4m, the planned dense planting is 2m×3m, and the planned dense planting is preferred. 3. Planting method: Use squares for flat ground, rectangles for dense planting, triangles for mountainous areas or plant along contour lines. The size of the planting hole should be different depending on the soil quality. Generally, the planting hole should be 0.8 meters square. About 10 days before planting, apply kilograms of farmyard manure per acre, and fill it with the topsoil after fully mixing it. Choose grafted seedlings with strong growth and a diameter of more than 0.6 cm for planting between November and December in winter, and planting in February in spring. When planting, fill the soil and vibrate the saplings to make the soil fully flow into the gaps between the roots and gently The planting depth should be parallel to the ground of the planting pit, and fill the soil while stepping on the ground. After filling the soil, build a soil ridge around the hole, and then pour the root water thoroughly. Cover the dish with mulch or straw to keep it moisturized. After the seedlings are planted, they are set to dry 60 cm above the ground.


2. Garden management (1) Reasonable fertilization


1. Fertilization for saplings: The first fertilization is done before the fallen leaves are dormant, and 15-20 kg of farmyard manure, 0.3 kg of compound fertilizer, 0.5 kg of general calcium, and an annular furrow are applied. The second fertilization was carried out in early May, with 10-20 kilograms of farmyard manure, 0.2 kilograms of urea, and 0.35 kilograms of potassium sulfate.


2. The first fertilization of the resultant tree was completed before the fallen leaves were dormant. 20-30 kg of farmyard manure, 1 kg of compound fertilizer, and 1 kg of general calcium were applied in a circular furrow. The second fertilization was applied after physiological fruit drop to promote fruit hypertrophy. The plant was applied with 30-40 kg of human excrement, 0.6 kg of urea, and 0.6 kg of potassium sulfate, and opened several small holes in the tree tray for watering. The third fertilization is carried out after the fruit is harvested. The main application of N and K fertilizers is to supplement the nutrient consumption of the tree body. 20-30 kg of farm manure, 0.1 kg of urea, and 0.2 kg of potassium sulfate are applied on the tree tray. enter.


3. The absorbing roots of persimmon are distributed in the middle and outer parts of the canopy, and the soil layer is within 40 cm. Fertilization should be applied to the outer part of the canopy a little deeper. For level fertilization, the topsoil in the middle and outer parts of the canopy should be opened, and the topsoil should be shallowly turned 6-10 cm, and then watered and returned to the soil; dry fertilization is centered on the trunk, and several radial fertilization ditches are opened with shallow and deep inside. Fertilization in mountain areas mainly adopts hole application, but also furrow application. Dig holes or ditches to fertilize on the inner side of the terraces or between the trees outside the canopy, and then cover the soil.


(2) Soil management


The ideal soil conditions for persimmon cultivation are deep soil, strong water retention and fertility, and good drainage. For serious erosion, etc., in view of the above shortcomings, it is most effective to directly use organic materials that are not easy to decompose (such as peat, bark compost, etc.). Grass cultivation or interplanting green manure can also be used to gradually achieve excellent physical properties or topsoil coverage and drip irrigation to achieve the effect of water and soil conservation. To improve the soil, alkaline lime can be used to neutralize the acidity. It can be applied once a year after fruit picking or during dormancy. When the pH value is less than 4.2, it can be applied twice a year. The application of lime material is gradual and cannot be applied excessively at a time. Organic fertilizer is carried out to increase soil organic matter content and improve soil fertility retention.